Now consider the lump sum option. If this 60-year-old male received the $500,000 lump sum immediately, it could be invested for the remaining 20 years of their lifespan. Using a lump sum vs. annuity calculator, the lump sum option would only have to generate a modest 1.9% annual investment return to match the relative value of the monthly payment option. This suggests that the lump sum option might be preferable in this case, although this is an oversimplified calculation.

This example also doesn’t account inflation, for instance, and that is likely to matter. Assuming a 2.5% inflation rate over the 15-year period, SmartAsset’s inflation calculator indicates would take $5,069 to purchase the same amount of goods and services that the monthly $3,500 payment would purchase at the beginning of retirement. If the pension has no inflation protection this retiree may face a roughly $1,500 per month budget shortfall by the end of retirement. In that case, a wisely invested lump sum could offer a better chance of keeping up with inflation.

Some pensions have inflation protection, however, and that changes the balance. If this one has a 2.5% annual cost-of-living adjustment, for instance, the value of the monthly pension option rises to $753,14. Then the lump sum investment return required to match it rises to 3.3%.

With a different age and life expectancy the outcome also changes. If the person making this decision were a 55-year-old female, for example, they would have a life expectancy of about 28 years. With a 2.5% annual cost-of-living adjustment and pension payments beginning at 65, the value of the monthly payment option rises to $940,0227. In this case, the $500,000 lump sum, if received at 60 and invested, would need to return an annual average of 4.61% to match the monthly payout option.

A financial advisor can help you do the math for your situation. Use this free tool to match with up to three fiduciary advisors.

Deciding between a lump sum or monthly payment requires calculating the relative value of each option. The estimate will take into account life expectancy, investment returns and inflation as well as any cost-of-living adjustments or spousal survivor benefits. Other factors to consider include when the lump sum will be paid as well as the pension recipient’s debt load, expected expenses in retirement, financial literacy and confidence in managing large sums of money.

• A financial advisor can help with important decisions like choosing between a lump sum and monthly pension payout. Finding a financial advisor doesn’t have to be hard. SmartAsset’s free tool matches you with up to three financial advisors in your area, and you can interview your advisor matches at no cost to decide which one is right for you. If you’re ready to find an advisor who can help you achieve your financial goals, get started now.

• If you don’t have a good idea of what your Social Security benefit is likely to be, it’s hard to develop a useful retirement plan. SmartAsset’s Social Security Calculator can help you fill that knowledge gap using your income, birth year and planned retirement age.

• Keep an emergency fund on hand in case you run into unexpected expenses. An emergency fund should be liquid — in an account that isn’t at risk of significant fluctuation like the stock market. The tradeoff is that the value of liquid cash can be eroded by inflation. But a high-interest account allows you to earn compound interest. Compare savings accounts from these banks.

• Are you a financial advisor looking to grow your business? SmartAsset AMP helps advisors connect with leads and offers marketing automation solutions so you can spend more time making conversions. Learn more about SmartAsset AMP.

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